LaTeX符号语法总结
- 运算符
- 希腊字母
- 字母类符号
- 括号
- 箭头
- 几何学
- 函数
- 强调符号
- 空白符号
- 省略符号
- 数值编号
- 分式
- 上下标
- 根式
- 积分
- 求积
- 求和
- 极限
- 数列
- 矩阵
- 行列式
- 排列组合
- 分段函数
- 化学方程式
- 文本着色
- 文本加粗
运算符
∞\infty∞ \infty | ≠\neq= \neq | ×\times× \times | ÷\div÷ \div | ∼\sim∼ \sim |
---|---|---|---|---|
±\pm± \pm | ∓\mp∓ \mp | ≤\leq≤ \leq | ≥\geq≥ \geq | ≈\approx≈ \approx |
%\%% % | ∗\ast∗ \ast | ⋅\cdot⋅ \cdot | ≡\equiv≡ \equiv | ≅\cong≅ \cong |
∈\in∈ \in | ∋\ni∋ \ni | ∃\exists∃ \exists | ∄\nexists∄ \nexists | ∝\propto∝ \propto |
∪\cup∪ \cup | ∩\cap∩ \cap | ⊥\perp⊥ \perp | ∥\parallel∥ \parallel | ∘\circ∘ \circ |
⊆\subseteq⊆ \subseteq | ⫋⫋⫋ ⫋ | ∀∀∀ ∀ | ≆\ncong≆ \ncong | ≁\nsim≁ \nsim |
=== = | +++ + | ≪\ll≪ \ll | ≫\gg≫ \gg | ⊂\subset⊂ \subset |
≐\doteq≐ \doteq | <<< < | >>> > | ≺\prec≺ \prec | ≻\succ≻ \succ |
⪯\preceq⪯ \preceq | ⪰\succeq⪰ \succeq | ⊃\supset⊃ \supset | ≃\simeq≃ \simeq | ⊇\supseteq⊇ \supseteq |
⊈\nsubseteq⊈ \nsubseteq | ⊏\sqsubset⊏ \sqsubset | ⊐\sqsupset⊐ \sqsupset | ⋈\Join⋈ \Join | ∉\notin∈/ \notin |
∫\int∫ \int | ∬\iint∬ \iint | ∭\iiint∭ \iiint | ∰\oiiint∭ \oiiint | ∑\sum∑ \sum |
∏\prod∏ \prod | ∐\coprod∐ \coprod | ⋀\bigwedge⋀ \bigwedge | ⋁\bigvee⋁ \bigvee | ⋂\bigcap⋂ \bigcap |
⋃\bigcup⋃ \bigcup | ⨀\bigodot⨀ \bigodot | ⨁\bigoplus⨁ \bigoplus | ⨂\bigotimes⨂ \bigotimes | ⨄\biguplus⨄ \biguplus |
\\backslash\ \backslash | /// / | ⋇\divideontimes⋇ \divideontimes | ⋆\star⋆ \star | ≀\wr≀ \wr |
△\vartriangle△ \vartriangle | ‡\ddag‡ \ddag | ⋄\diamond⋄ \diamond | †\dag† \dag | ∧\wedge∧ \wedge |
∨\vee∨ \vee | ⊙\odot⊙ \odot | ⊗\otimes⊗ \otimes | ⊕\oplus⊕ \oplus | ⊖\ominus⊖ \ominus |
⋓\Cup⋓ \Cup | ⋒\Cap⋒ \Cap | ∔\dotplus∔ \dotplus | ⊺\intercal⊺ \intercal | ∵\because∵ \because |
∴\therefore∴ \therefore | ∽\backsim∽ \backsim | ⊎\uplus⊎ \uplus | ∝\propto∝ \propto | ∯\oiint∬ \oiint |
∮\oint∮ \oint | ⨆\bigsqcup⨆ \bigsqcup | ⊢\vdash⊢ \vdash | ⊣\dashv⊣ \dashv | ⋈\bowtie⋈ \bowtie |
⊑\sqsubseteq⊑ \sqsubseteq | ⊒\sqsupseteq⊒ \sqsupseteq | ⊨\models⊨ \models | ∣\mid∣ \mid | ∥\parallel∥ \parallel |
⌣\smile⌣ \smile | ⌢\frown⌢ \frown | ≍\asymp≍ \asymp | ::: : | ±\pm± \pm |
‵\backprime‵ \backprime | ′\prime′ \prime | ⌈⌉⌈⌉⌈⌉ ⌈⌉ | ⌊⌋⌊⌋⌊⌋ ⌊⌋ |
希腊字母
α\alphaα \alpha | β\betaβ \beta | γ\gammaγ \gamma | δ\deltaδ \delta | ϕ\phiϕ \phi |
---|---|---|---|---|
ϵ\epsilonϵ \epsilon | ζ\zetaζ \zeta | η\etaη \eta | θ\thetaθ \theta | ι\iotaι \iota |
κ\kappaκ \kappa | λ\lambdaλ \lambda | μ\muμ \mu | ν\nuν \nu | ξ\xiξ \xi |
ρ\rhoρ \rho | σ\sigmaσ \sigma | τ\tauτ \tau | υ\upsilonυ \upsilon | φ\varphiφ \varphi |
χ\chiχ \chi | ω\omegaω \omega | π\piπ \pi | ψ\psiψ \psi | ε\varepsilonε \varepsilon |
ϑ\varthetaϑ \vartheta | ooo o | ϖ\varpiϖ \varpi | ϱ\varrhoϱ \varrho | ς\varsigmaς \varsigma |
φ\varphiφ \varphi | Ξ\XiΞ \Xi | Γ\GammaΓ \Gamma | Δ\DeltaΔ \Delta | Λ\LambdaΛ \Lambda |
Ω\OmegaΩ \Omega | Φ\PhiΦ \Phi | Ψ\PsiΨ \Psi | Π\PiΠ \Pi | Σ\SigmaΣ \Sigma |
Θ\ThetaΘ \Theta | Υ\UpsilonΥ \Upsilon |
字母类符号
ℵ\alephℵ \aleph | ℶ\bethℶ \beth | ℸ\dalethℸ \daleth | ℷ\gimelℷ \gimel | ∂\partial∂ \partial |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅎ\FinvℲ \Finv | ℜ\Reℜ \Re | ℓ\ellℓ \ell | ð\ethð \eth | ℑ\Imℑ \Im |
ℏ\hslashℏ \hslash | ∁\complement∁ \complement | ℘\wp℘ \wp | ∀\forall∀ \forall |
括号
((( ( | ))) ) | [[[ [ | ]]] ] | {\{{ \{ |
---|---|---|---|---|
}\}} \} | ∣\vert∣ \vert | ∥\Vert∥ \Vert | /// / |
箭头
←\leftarrow← \leftarrow | →\to→ \to | →\rightarrow→ \rightarrow | ↑\uparrow↑ \uparrow | ↓\downarrow↓ \downarrow |
---|---|---|---|---|
⟵\longleftarrow⟵ \longleftarrow | ⟶\longrightarrow⟶ \longrightarrow | ⇐\Leftarrow⇐ \Leftarrow | ⇒\Rightarrow⇒ \Rightarrow | ↦\mapsto↦ \mapsto |
↔\leftrightarrow↔ \leftrightarrow | ↚\nleftarrow↚ \nleftarrow | ↛\nrightarrow↛ \nrightarrow | ⇀\rightharpoonup⇀ \rightharpoonup | ↼\leftharpoonup↼ \leftharpoonup |
↮\nleftrightarrow↮ \nleftrightarrow | ⇔\Leftrightarrow⇔ \Leftrightarrow | ⇎\nLeftrightarrow⇎ \nLeftrightarrow | ⇍\nLeftarrow⇍ \nLeftarrow | ⇏\nRightarrow⇏ \nRightarrow |
几何学
∠\angle∠ \angle | ∢\sphericalangle∢ \sphericalangle | ∤\nmid∤ \nmid | ∦\nparallel∦ \nparallel | ■\blacksquare■ \blacksquare |
---|---|---|---|---|
⋆\star⋆ \star | ∙\bullet∙ \bullet | ★\bigstar★ \bigstar | □\square□ \square | ∘\circ∘ \circ |
函数
Pr\PrPr \Pr | sin\sinsin \sin | cos\coscos \cos | exp\expexp \exp | det\detdet \det |
---|---|---|---|---|
lim\limlim \lim | ln\lnln \ln | log\loglog \log | max\maxmax \max | min\minmin \min |
tan\tantan \tan | arg\argarg \arg | lg\lglg \lg | arcsin\arcsinarcsin \arcsin | cot\cotcot \cot |
sh\shsh \sh |
强调符号
a˙\dot{a}a˙ \dot{a} | a¨\ddot{a}a¨ \ddot{a} | a^\hat{a}a^ \hat{a} | a~\tilde{a}a~ \tilde{a} | aˉ\bar{a}aˉ \bar{a} |
---|---|---|---|---|
a⃗\vec{a}a \vec{a} | xyz‾\overline{xyz}xyz \overline{xyz} | xyz^\widehat{xyz}xyz \widehat{xyz} | xyz~\widetilde{xyz}xyz \widetilde{xyz} | aˇ\check{a}aˇ \check{a} |
aˊ\acute{a}aˊ \acute{a} | aˋ\grave{a}aˋ \grave{a} | a˘\breve{a}a˘ \breve{a} |
空白符号
aba\qquad{b}ab a\qquad{b} | aba\quad{b}ab a\quad{b} | aba \ ba b a \ b | aba \; bab a\ ; b | aba \, bab a \, b |
---|---|---|---|---|
aba bab a b | aba \! bab a \! b |
省略符号
⋯\cdots⋯ \cdots | …\ldots… \ldots | ⋮\vdots⋮ \vdots | ⋱\ddots⋱ \ddots |
---|
数值编号
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | Ⅴ | Ⅵ | Ⅶ | Ⅷ | Ⅸ | Ⅹ | Ⅺ | Ⅻ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
① | ② | ③ | ④ | ⑤ | ⑥ | ⑦ | ⑧ | ⑨ | ⑩ | ||
⑴ | ⑵ | ⑶ | ⑷ | ⑸ | ⑹ | ⑺ | ⑻ | ⑼ | ⑽ | ||
㈠ | ㈡ | ㈢ | ㈣ | ㈤ | ㈥ | ㈦ | ㈧ | ㈨ | ㈩ |
分式
基本格式:
\frac{分子}{分母}
→ 分子分母\frac{分子}{分母}分母分子
样例:
dydx\frac{dy}{dx}dxdy ← \frac{dy}{dx}
∂y∂x\frac{\partial{y}}{\partial{x}}∂x∂y ← \frac{\partial{y}}{\partial{x}}
上下标
基本格式:
anytext_{downtext}^{uptext}
→ anytextdowntextuptextanytext_{downtext}^{uptext}anytextdowntextuptext
也可以颠倒过来:anytext^{uptext}\_{downtext}
还可以只加一种:anytext_{downtext}
或 anytext^{uptext}
样例:
x2x^{2}x2 ← x^{2}
H2OH_{2}OH2O ← H_{2}O
根式
基本格式:
\sqrt[开根幂次数]{被开根数}
→ 被开根数开根幂次数\sqrt[开根幂次数]{被开根数}开根幂次数被开根数
样例:
2\sqrt{2}2 ← \sqrt{2}
23\sqrt[3]{2}32 ← \sqrt[3]{2}
3n\sqrt[n]{3}n3 ← \sqrt[n]{3}
积分
基本格式:
\int_{积分下限}^{积分上限}
→ ∫积分下限积分上限\int_{积分下限}^{积分上限}∫积分下限积分上限
也可以颠倒过来:\int^{积分上限}_{积分下限}
样例:
\int^{3}_{8}x^3dx
→ ∫83x3dx\int^{3}_{8}x^3dx∫83x3dx
求积
基本格式:
\prod_{downtext}^{uptext}{text}
→ ∏downtextuptexttext\prod_{downtext}^{uptext}{text}∏downtextuptexttext
样例:
\prod_{k=1}^{n}f(k)
→ ∏k=1nf(k)\prod_{k=1}^{n}f(k)∏k=1nf(k)
要想把上下标放到求和/求积符号上方和下方,则格式为:
\prod\limits_{k=1}^{n}f(k)
→ ∏k=1nf(k)\prod\limits_{k=1}^{n}f(k)k=1∏nf(k)
求和
\sum\limits_{downtext}^{uptext}{text}
→ ∑downtextuptexttext\sum\limits_{downtext}^{uptext}{text}downtext∑uptexttext
\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}{f(i)}
→ ∑i=1nf(i)\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}{f(i)}i=1∑nf(i)
极限
\lim\limits_{x\to{0}}{\frac{\sin{x}}{x}}=1
→ limx→0sinxx=1\lim\limits_{x\to{0}}{\frac{\sin{x}}{x}}=1x→0limxsinx=1
数列
A=\{a_{1},a_{2},\ldots,a_{n}\}
→ A={a1,a2,…,an}A=\{a_{1},a_{2},\ldots,a_{n}\}A={a1,a2,…,an}
矩阵
\begin{matrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{matrix}
→ 0110\begin{matrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{matrix}0110
\begin{pmatrix} 0 & -i \\ i & 0 \end{pmatrix}
→ (0−ii0)\begin{pmatrix} 0 & -i \\ i & 0 \end{pmatrix}(0i−i0)
\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}
→ [0−110]\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}[01−10]
\begin{Bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{Bmatrix}
→ {100−1}\begin{Bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{Bmatrix}{100−1}
\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & \ldots & 1 \\ 2 & 2^{2} & \ldots & 2^{n} \\ 3 & 3^{2} & \ldots & 3^{n} \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ n & n^{2} & \ldots & n^{n} \end{bmatrix}
→ [11…1222…2n332…3n⋮⋮⋱⋮nn2…nn]\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & \ldots & 1 \\ 2 & 2^{2} & \ldots & 2^{n} \\ 3 & 3^{2} & \ldots & 3^{n} \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ n & n^{2} & \ldots & n^{n} \end{bmatrix}123⋮n12232⋮n2………⋱…12n3n⋮nn
行列式
\begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix}
→ ∣abcd∣\begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix}acbd
\begin{Vmatrix} i & 0 \\ 0 & -i \end{Vmatrix}
→ ∥i00−i∥\begin{Vmatrix} i & 0 \\ 0 & -i \end{Vmatrix}i00−i
排列组合
\binom{a}{b}
或\tbinom{a}{b}
→ (ab)\binom{a}{b}(ba)
\dbinom{a}{b}
→ (ab)\dbinom{a}{b}(ba)
C_{3}^{1}
→ C31C_{3}^{1}C31
A_{3}^{1}
→ A31A_{3}^{1}A31
分段函数
\Psi_{A}(x)=\begin{cases}1, & x\in{A} \\ 0, & x\notin{A} \end{cases}
→ ΨA(x)={1,x∈A0,x∉A\Psi_{A}(x)=\begin{cases}1, & x\in{A} \\ 0, & x\notin{A} \end{cases}ΨA(x)={1,0,x∈Ax∈/A
化学方程式
C+O_{2}\stackrel{点燃}{\longrightarrow}{CO_{2}}
→ C+O2⟶点燃CO2C+O_{2}\stackrel{点燃}{\longrightarrow}{CO_{2}}C+O2⟶点燃CO2
文本着色
\textcolor{red}{a+b=c}
→ a+b=c\textcolor{red}{a+b=c}a+b=c
文本加粗
不加粗:A
→ AAA
加粗:\textbf{A}
→ A\textbf{A}A