转贴，原帖来自于linux 上使用yum 安装openjdk1.8
查找gdk
使用yum查找jdk: yum search java|grep jdk
# yum search java|grep jdk
ldapjdk-javadoc.noarch : Javadoc for ldapjdk
java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : The OpenJDK runtime environment without
java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.8.0-openjdk.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.i686 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-debug.i686 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.i686 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Demos with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment with full
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment with
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-debug.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation for packages
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation compressed in
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip-debug.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle for packages with
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle for packages with
java-11-openjdk.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 11
java-11-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 11 with full debug on
java-11-openjdk-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 11 with full debug on
java-11-openjdk-demo.i686 : OpenJDK Demos 11
java-11-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos 11
java-11-openjdk-demo-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Demos 11 with full debug on
java-11-openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos 11 with full debug on
java-11-openjdk-devel.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-devel-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment 11 with full
java-11-openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment 11 with
java-11-openjdk-headless.i686 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-headless-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full
java-11-openjdk-headless-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full
java-11-openjdk-javadoc.i686 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation
java-11-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-debug.i686 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation for packages
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation for packages
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip.i686 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation compressed in
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation compressed in
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip-debug.i686 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation compressed
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation
java-11-openjdk-jmods.i686 : JMods for OpenJDK 11
java-11-openjdk-jmods.x86_64 : JMods for OpenJDK 11
java-11-openjdk-jmods-debug.i686 : JMods for OpenJDK 11 with full debug on
java-11-openjdk-jmods-debug.x86_64 : JMods for OpenJDK 11 with full debug on
java-11-openjdk-src.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 11
java-11-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 11
java-11-openjdk-src-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle for packages with debug
java-11-openjdk-src-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 11 for packages with
ldapjdk.noarch : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK
安装jdk
执行安装命令：yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk
配置jdk
安装成功后，默认安装路径在/usr/lib/jvm/下边，
如/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.144-0.b01.el6_9.x86_64
查看安装路径(如下所示)：
which java
ls -lrt /usr/bin/java[root@preproduct1 ~]# which java
/usr/bin/java
[root@preproduct1 ~]# echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64
[root@preproduct1 ~]# ls -lrt /usr/bin/java
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 13 10:40 /usr/bin/java -> /etc/alternatives/java
[root@preproduct1 ~]# ls -lrt /etc/alternatives/java
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 73 Feb 13 10:40 /etc/alternatives/java -> /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64/jre/bin/java
[root@preproduct1 ~]# cd /usr/lib/jvm
[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm]# ll
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Feb 13 10:44 java -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Feb 13 10:44 java-1.8.0 -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk_1.8.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 40 Feb 13 10:44 java-1.8.0-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk_1.8.0_openjdk
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Feb 13 10:44 java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Feb 13 10:44 java-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk_openjdk
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Feb 13 10:40 jre -> /etc/alternatives/jre
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Feb 13 10:40 jre-1.8.0 -> /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 35 Feb 13 10:40 jre-1.8.0-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0_openjdk
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 51 Feb 13 10:40 jre-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64 -> java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64/jre
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 Feb 13 10:40 jre-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/jre_openjdk
验证java是否安装成功
查看java版本：java -version
# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_191"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)
查看java是否可用：javac
javac
-bash: javac: command not found
错误原因：默认安装完只有运行环境，java安装目录下只有jre文件夹
安装开发环境yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64
安装完可看到java安装目录下出现bin、lib等文件夹:
[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64]# l
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 13 10:44 bin
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb 13 10:44 include
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Feb 13 10:40 jre
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb 13 10:44 lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 13 10:44 tapset
再次输入javac说明安装成功
# javac
Usage: javac <options> <source files>
where possible options include:-g Generate all debugging info-g:none Generate no debugging info-g:{lines,vars,source} Generate only some debugging info-nowarn Generate no warnings-verbose Output messages about what the compiler is doing-deprecation Output source locations where deprecated APIs are use-classpath <path> Specify where to find user class files and annotationocessors-cp <path> Specify where to find user class files and annotationocessors-sourcepath <path> Specify where to find input source files-bootclasspath <path> Override location of bootstrap class files-extdirs <dirs> Override location of installed extensions-endorseddirs <dirs> Override location of endorsed standards path-proc:{none,only} Control whether annotation processing and/or compilat is done.-processor <class1>[,<class2>,<class3>...] Names of the annotation processors ton; bypasses default discovery process-processorpath <path> Specify where to find annotation processors-parameters Generate metadata for reflection on method parameters-d <directory> Specify where to place generated class files-s <directory> Specify where to place generated source files-h <directory> Specify where to place generated native header files-implicit:{none,class} Specify whether or not to generate class files for imcitly referenced files-encoding <encoding> Specify character encoding used by source files-source <release> Provide source compatibility with specified release-target <release> Generate class files for specific VM version-profile <profile> Check that API used is available in the specified proe-version Version information-help Print a synopsis of standard options-Akey[=value] Options to pass to annotation processors-X Print a synopsis of nonstandard options-J<flag> Pass <flag> directly to the runtime system-Werror Terminate compilation if warnings occur@<filename> Read options and filenames from file
设置环境变量
修改/etc/profile文件：vi /etc/profile
在profile文件末尾新增如下内容：
#set java environmentJAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jreCLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/libPATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/binexport JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH
使环境变量生效：source /etc/profile
[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm]# cd /usr/lib/jvm
[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm]# cd java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64/
[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64]# source /etc/profile
[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64]# echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64