NVIC简介

文章目录

    • 1. 什么是NVIC
    • 1.1 相关结构体定义
    • 1.1.1 NVIC 类型结构体定义
    • 1.1.2 NVIC 初始化结构体
    • 1.2 相应固件库函数
    • 1.2.1 NVIC_EnableIRQ 函数
    • 1.2.2 NVIC_DisableIRQ 函数
    • 1.2.3 NVIC_GetPendingIRQ 函数
    • 1.2.4 NVIC_SetPendingIRQ 函数
    • 1.2.5 NVIC_ClearPendingIRQ 函数
    • 1.2.6 NVIC_GetActive 函数
    • 1.2.7 NVIC_SetPriority 函数
    • 1.2.8 NVIC_GetPriority 函数
    • 1.2.9 NVIC_SystemReset 函数
    • 1.2.10 NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig 函数

1. 什么是NVIC

NVIC ：Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller，全称嵌套向量中断控制器，

1.1 相关结构体定义

1.1.1 NVIC 类型结构体定义

注：常用 ISER、ICER 和 IP 这三个寄存器，ISER 用来使能中断，ICER 用来失能中断，IP 用来设置中断优先级。

/** @addtogroup CMSIS_CM3_NVIC CMSIS CM3 NVICmemory mapped structure for Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC)嵌套向量中断控制器（NVIC）的内存映射结构体@{*/
typedef struct
{__IO uint32_t ISER[8];                      /*!< Offset: 0x000  Interrupt Set Enable Register           */ // 中断设置使能寄存器uint32_t RESERVED0[24];                                   __IO uint32_t ICER[8];                      /*!< Offset: 0x080  Interrupt Clear Enable Register         */ // 中断清除使能寄存器uint32_t RSERVED1[24];                                    __IO uint32_t ISPR[8];                      /*!< Offset: 0x100  Interrupt Set Pending Register          */ // 中断设置挂起寄存器uint32_t RESERVED2[24];                                   __IO uint32_t ICPR[8];                      /*!< Offset: 0x180  Interrupt Clear Pending Register        */ // 中断清除挂起寄存器uint32_t RESERVED3[24];                                   __IO uint32_t IABR[8];                      /*!< Offset: 0x200  Interrupt Active bit Register           */ // 中断有效位寄存器uint32_t RESERVED4[56];                                   __IO uint8_t  IP[240];                      /*!< Offset: 0x300  Interrupt Priority Register (8Bit wide) */ // 中断优先级寄存器（8位宽）uint32_t RESERVED5[644];                                  __O  uint32_t STIR;                         /*!< Offset: 0xE00  Software Trigger Interrupt Register     */ // 软件触发中断寄存器
}  NVIC_Type;                                               
/*@}*/ /* end of group CMSIS_CM3_NVIC */

1.1.2 NVIC 初始化结构体

用于初始化NVIC，指定中断源、优先级及使能或失能。

/** * @brief  NVIC Init Structure definition  简介：  NVIC 初始化结构体定义*/typedef struct
{uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannel;                    /*!< Specifies the IRQ channel to be enabled or disabled.This parameter can be a value of @ref IRQn_Type (For the complete STM32 Devices IRQ Channels list, pleaserefer to stm32f10x.h file) *//* 指定要启用或禁用的IRQ通道。此参数可以是@ref IRQn_Type的值（有关完整的STM32设备IRQ通道列表，请参阅stm32f10x.h文件） */uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority;  /*!< Specifies the pre-emption priority for the IRQ channelspecified in NVIC_IRQChannel. This parameter can be a valuebetween 0 and 15 as described in the table @ref NVIC_Priority_Table *//* 指定NVIC_IRQChannel中指定的IRQ通道的抢占优先级。如@ref NVIC_Priority_表所述，该参数可以是介于0和15之间的值 */uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority;         /*!< Specifies the subpriority level for the IRQ channel specifiedin NVIC_IRQChannel. This parameter can be a valuebetween 0 and 15 as described in the table @ref NVIC_Priority_Table *//* 指定NVIC_IRQChannel中指定的IRQ通道的子优先级。如@ref NVIC_Priority_表所述，该参数可以是介于0和15之间的值。 */FunctionalState NVIC_IRQChannelCmd;         /*!< Specifies whether the IRQ channel defined in NVIC_IRQChannelwill be enabled or disabled. This parameter can be set either to ENABLE or DISABLE */  
/* 指定是启用还是禁用NVIC_IRQChannel中定义的IRQ通道。此参数可以设置为启用或禁用 */	
} NVIC_InitTypeDef;

注：
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1.2 相应固件库函数

1.2.1 NVIC_EnableIRQ 函数

在NVIC中断控制器中启用中断（使能）

/*** @brief  Enable Interrupt in NVIC Interrupt Controller* 简介：  在NVIC中断控制器中启用中断* @param  IRQn   The positive number of the external interrupt to enable* 参数 ： IRQn   要启用的外部中断的正数（ IRQn_Type结构体中定义有 ）* Enable a device specific interupt in the NVIC interrupt controller.在NVIC中断控制器中启用特定于设备的中断。* The interrupt number cannot be a negative value.中断号不能是负值。*/
static __INLINE void NVIC_EnableIRQ(IRQn_Type IRQn)
{NVIC->ISER[((uint32_t)(IRQn) >> 5)] = (1 << ((uint32_t)(IRQn) & 0x1F)); /* enable interrupt */
}

1.2.2 NVIC_DisableIRQ 函数

禁用指定的外部中断

/*** @brief  Disable the interrupt line for external interrupt specified* 简介：  禁用指定的外部中断* @param  IRQn   The positive number of the external interrupt to disable* 参数 ： IRQn   要禁用的外部中断的正数（ IRQn_Type结构体中定义有 ）* Disable a device specific interupt in the NVIC interrupt controller.* The interrupt number cannot be a negative value.*/
static __INLINE void NVIC_DisableIRQ(IRQn_Type IRQn)
{NVIC->ICER[((uint32_t)(IRQn) >> 5)] = (1 << ((uint32_t)(IRQn) & 0x1F)); /* disable interrupt */
}

1.2.3 NVIC_GetPendingIRQ 函数

读取特定于设备的中断源的中断挂起位

/*** @brief  Read the interrupt pending bit for a device specific interrupt source* 简介：  读取特定于设备的中断源的中断挂起位* @param  IRQn    The number of the device specifc interrupt参数：  IRQn    设备中断的特定编号（ IRQn_Type结构体中定义有 ）* @return         1 = interrupt pending, 0 = interrupt not pending* 返回值：				 1 = 中断挂起 					0 = 中断未挂起* Read the pending register in NVIC and return 1 if its status is pending, * otherwise it returns 0*/
static __INLINE uint32_t NVIC_GetPendingIRQ(IRQn_Type IRQn)
{return((uint32_t) ((NVIC->ISPR[(uint32_t)(IRQn) >> 5] & (1 << ((uint32_t)(IRQn) & 0x1F)))?1:0)); /* Return 1 if pending else 0 */
}

1.2.4 NVIC_SetPendingIRQ 函数

设置外部中断的挂起位

/*** @brief  Set the pending bit for an external interrupt* 简介：  设置外部中断的挂起位* @param  IRQn    The number of the interrupt for set pending* 参数 ： IRQn 	 设置挂起的中断的序号* Set the pending bit for the specified interrupt.为指定的中断设置挂起位。* The interrupt number cannot be a negative value.*/
static __INLINE void NVIC_SetPendingIRQ(IRQn_Type IRQn)
{NVIC->ISPR[((uint32_t)(IRQn) >> 5)] = (1 << ((uint32_t)(IRQn) & 0x1F)); /* set interrupt pending */
}

1.2.5 NVIC_ClearPendingIRQ 函数

清除外部中断的挂起位

/*** @brief  Clear the pending bit for an external interrupt* 简介：  清除外部中断的挂起位* @param  IRQn    The number of the interrupt for clear pending* * Clear the pending bit for the specified interrupt. * The interrupt number cannot be a negative value.*/
static __INLINE void NVIC_ClearPendingIRQ(IRQn_Type IRQn)
{NVIC->ICPR[((uint32_t)(IRQn) >> 5)] = (1 << ((uint32_t)(IRQn) & 0x1F)); /* Clear pending interrupt */
}

1.2.6 NVIC_GetActive 函数

读取外部中断的有效位

/*** @brief  Read the active bit for an external interrupt* 简介：  读取外部中断的有效位* @param  IRQn    The number of the interrupt for read active bit* 参数 ： IRQn 	 读取有效位的中断的序号* @return         1 = interrupt active, 0 = interrupt not active* 读取NVIC中的活动寄存器，如果其状态为活动，则返回1，反之返回0* Read the active register in NVIC and returns 1 if its status is active, * otherwise it returns 0.*/
static __INLINE uint32_t NVIC_GetActive(IRQn_Type IRQn)
{return((uint32_t)((NVIC->IABR[(uint32_t)(IRQn) >> 5] & (1 << ((uint32_t)(IRQn) & 0x1F)))?1:0)); /* Return 1 if active else 0 */
}

1.2.7 NVIC_SetPriority 函数

设置中断的优先级

/*** @brief  Set the priority for an interrupt* 简介：  设置中断的优先级* @param  IRQn      The number of the interrupt for set priority* @param  priority  The priority to set* 参数2 ：priority  设定的优先值* Set the priority for the specified interrupt. The interrupt * number can be positive to specify an external (device specific) * interrupt, or negative to specify an internal (core) interrupt.* 设置指定中断的优先级。中断号可以是正数以指定外部（设备特定）中断，也可以是负数以指定内部（核心）中断。* Note: The priority cannot be set for every core interrupt.注意：不能为每个核心中断设置优先级。*/
static __INLINE void NVIC_SetPriority(IRQn_Type IRQn, uint32_t priority)
{if(IRQn < 0) {SCB->SHP[((uint32_t)(IRQn) & 0xF)-4] = ((priority << (8 - __NVIC_PRIO_BITS)) & 0xff); } /* set Priority for Cortex-M3 System Interrupts */else {NVIC->IP[(uint32_t)(IRQn)] = ((priority << (8 - __NVIC_PRIO_BITS)) & 0xff);    }        /* set Priority for device specific Interrupts  */
}

1.2.8 NVIC_GetPriority 函数

读取中断的优先级

/*** @brief  Read the priority for an interrupt* 简介：  读取中断的优先级* @param  IRQn      The number of the interrupt for get priority* @return           The priority for the interrupt** Read the priority for the specified interrupt. The interrupt * number can be positive to specify an external (device specific) * interrupt, or negative to specify an internal (core) interrupt.* 读取指定中断的优先级。中断号可以是正数以指定外部（设备特定）中断，也可以是负数以指定内部（核心）中断。* The returned priority value is automatically aligned to the implemented* priority bits of the microcontroller.* 返回的优先级值自动与微控制器实现的优先级位对齐。* Note: The priority cannot be set for every core interrupt.*/
static __INLINE uint32_t NVIC_GetPriority(IRQn_Type IRQn)
{if(IRQn < 0) {return((uint32_t)(SCB->SHP[((uint32_t)(IRQn) & 0xF)-4] >> (8 - __NVIC_PRIO_BITS)));  } /* get priority for Cortex-M3 system interrupts */else {return((uint32_t)(NVIC->IP[(uint32_t)(IRQn)]           >> (8 - __NVIC_PRIO_BITS)));  } /* get priority for device specific interrupts  */
}

1.2.9 NVIC_SystemReset 函数

启动系统重置请求

/* ##################################    Reset function  ############################################ *//*** @brief  Initiate a system reset request.* 简介：  启动系统重置请求。* Initiate a system reset request to reset the MCU启动系统重置请求以重置MCU*/
static __INLINE void NVIC_SystemReset(void)
{SCB->AIRCR  = ((0x5FA << SCB_AIRCR_VECTKEY_Pos)      | (SCB->AIRCR & SCB_AIRCR_PRIGROUP_Msk) | SCB_AIRCR_SYSRESETREQ_Msk);                   /* Keep priority group unchanged */__DSB();                                                     /* Ensure completion of memory access */              while(1);                                                    /* wait until reset */
}/*@}*/ /* end of group CMSIS_CM3_Core_FunctionInterface */

1.2.10 NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig 函数

配置优先级分组：抢占优先级和子优先级。

/** @defgroup Preemption_Priority_Group * @{*/#define NVIC_PriorityGroup_0         ((uint32_t)0x700) /*!< 0 bits for pre-emption priority4 bits for subpriority */
#define NVIC_PriorityGroup_1         ((uint32_t)0x600) /*!< 1 bits for pre-emption priority3 bits for subpriority */
#define NVIC_PriorityGroup_2         ((uint32_t)0x500) /*!< 2 bits for pre-emption priority2 bits for subpriority */
#define NVIC_PriorityGroup_3         ((uint32_t)0x400) /*!< 3 bits for pre-emption priority1 bits for subpriority */
#define NVIC_PriorityGroup_4         ((uint32_t)0x300) /*!< 4 bits for pre-emption priority0 bits for subpriority *//*** @brief  Configures the priority grouping: pre-emption priority and subpriority.简介：  配置优先级分组：抢占优先级和子优先级。* @param  NVIC_PriorityGroup: specifies the priority grouping bits length.参数：  NVIC_PriorityGroup: 指定优先级分组位长度。*   This parameter can be one of the following values:*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_0: 0 bits for pre-emption priority ：0位 用于抢占优先级*                                4 bits for subpriority					 ：4位 表示次优先级*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_1: 1 bits for pre-emption priority ：1位 用于抢占优先级*                                3 bits for subpriority					 ：3位 表示次优先级*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_2: 2 bits for pre-emption priority ：2位 用于抢占优先级*                                2 bits for subpriority					 ：2位 表示次优先级*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_3: 3 bits for pre-emption priority ：3位 用于抢占优先级*                                1 bits for subpriority					 ：1位 表示次优先级*     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_4: 4 bits for pre-emption priority ：4位 用于抢占优先级*                                0 bits for subpriority					 ：0位 表示次优先级* @retval None*/
void NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(uint32_t NVIC_PriorityGroup)
{/* Check the parameters */assert_param(IS_NVIC_PRIORITY_GROUP(NVIC_PriorityGroup));/* Set the PRIGROUP[10:8] bits according to NVIC_PriorityGroup value */SCB->AIRCR = AIRCR_VECTKEY_MASK | NVIC_PriorityGroup;
}

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