转载记录下,
转载自https://www.cnblogs.com/chenpi/p/5377445.html
当我们运行java程序时,发现程序不动,但又不知道是哪里出问题时,可以使用JDK自带的jstack工具去定位;
废话不说,直接上例子吧,在window平台上的;
死循环
写个死循环的程序如下:
package concurrency;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
while (true) {
}
}
}
先运行以上程序,程序进入死循环;
打开cmd,输入jps命令,jps很简单可以直接显示java进程的pid,如下为7588:
或者输入tasklist,找到javaw.exe的PID,如下为7588:
输入jstack 7588命令,找到跟我们自己代码相关的线程,如下为main线程,处于runnable状态,在main方法的第八行,也就是我们死循环的位置:
Object.wait()情况
写个小程序,调用wait使其中一线程等待,如下:
package concurrency;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
class TestTask implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
synchronized (this) {
try {
//等待被唤醒
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
ExecutorService ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
ex.execute(new TestTask());
}
}
同样我们先找到javaw.exe的PID,再利用jstack分析该PID,很快我们就找到了一个线程处于WAITING状态,在Test.java文件13行处,正是我们调用wait方法的地方,说明该线程目前还没等到notify,如下:
死锁
写个简单的死锁例子,如下:
package concurrency;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
class TestTask implements Runnable {
private Object obj1;
private Object obj2;
private int order;
public TestTask(int order, Object obj1, Object obj2) {
this.order = order;
this.obj1 = obj1;
this.obj2 = obj2;
}
public void test1() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (obj1) {
//建议线程调取器切换到其它线程运行
Thread.yield();
synchronized (obj2) {
System.out.println("test。。。");
}
}
}
public void test2() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (obj2) {
Thread.yield();
synchronized (obj1) {
System.out.println("test。。。");
}
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
if(this.order == 1){
this.test1();
}else{
this.test2();
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Object obj1 = new Object();
Object obj2 = new Object();
ExecutorService ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
// 起10个线程
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
int order = i%2==0 ? 1 : 0;
ex.execute(new TestTask(order, obj1, obj2));
}
}
}
同样我们先找到javaw.exe的PID,再利用jstack分析该PID,很快jstack就帮我们找到了死锁的位置,如下所示:
等待IO
写个简单的等待用户输入例子:
package concurrency;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
InputStream is = System.in;
int i = is.read();
System.out.println("exit。");
}
}
同样我们先找到javaw.exe的PID,再利用jstack分析该PID,很快jstack就帮我们找到了位置,Test.java文件12行,如下所示:
其它
像调用sleep使线程进入睡眠,suspend()暂停线程等就不举例了,都是类似的;