【MicroPython ESP32】ssd1306 0.96“OLED+气象数据中文显示

【MicroPython ESP32】ssd1306 0.96“OLED+气象数据中文显示

  • 本实例基于Thonny平台开发
  • 相关篇《【MicroPython ESP32】ssd1306模块基于GB2312字库驱动0.96“I2C屏幕汉字显示示例》
  • 效果展示
    在这里插入图片描述

本篇硬件ESP32所使用的是特定的固件包， 包含GB2312字库驱动，如果硬件所使用的microPython官方的固件并不适合本篇所讲的内容。请参照上面提供的相关篇内容进行了解和固件刷写。

开启这一篇内容前，说说调试经历，调试过程中遇到了一个很大的坑，折腾了一天。山穷水尽疑无路，人总需要抱一丝希望，万一成功了呢？遇到困难需要变通方法才行，否则容易被困于死胡同，找不到解答。

  • 调试bug:ImportError: no module named 'parse'

在引入模块import urequests时，老是出现ImportError: no module named 'parse'，出现这个问题，结果查阅，Python使用import语句访问modules，需要指定从中导入Parse的路径，了解文件夹层次结构非常重要。

  • 思路参考：https://www.codenong.com/46211002/

原固件本身始是基于uPyCraft平台开发的使用的，MicroPython设备根目录下带lib文件夹，import urequests模块在MicroPython官方的固件中是已经封装到固件里面的，而这个带字库支持的固件却没有，但是有关代码中应该是又有指定了路径，所以在调用import urequests模块时，不仅需要上传到MicroPython设备上，而且需要指定路径。

接线说明

  • 所使用的是0.96" I2C OLED屏幕
scl=Pin(22)
sda=Pin(21)

心知天气API接口

  • 心知天气：https://www.seniverse.com/
    在这里插入图片描述

免费版的使用次数足够一般的需求了。

https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c
  • your_api_key：填写自己申请的Key（在使用我的代码时，请不要使用我保留下来的Key）
    在这里插入图片描述
  • beijing：换成自己的城市（拼音）
def fetchWeather(location):result = urequests.get("https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_&location=shenzhen&language=zh-Hans&unit=c")       return result.text
  • 填写个人的wifi信息
SSID ="MERCURY_D268G" # 填写个人wifi信息
PASSWORD ="pba5ayzk"

文件结构

  • 所需的字库文件，固件资源下载地址：https://github.com/kaixindelele/ssd1306-MicroPython-ESP32-Chinese/
    在这里插入图片描述
  • urequests.py内容：
import usocketclass Response:def __init__(self, f):self.raw = fself.encoding = "utf-8"self._cached = Nonedef close(self):if self.raw:self.raw.close()self.raw = Noneself._cached = None@propertydef content(self):if self._cached is None:try:self._cached = self.raw.read()finally:self.raw.close()self.raw = Nonereturn self._cached@propertydef text(self):return str(self.content, self.encoding)def json(self):import ujsonreturn ujson.loads(self.content)def request(method, url, data=None, json=None, headers={}, stream=None):try:proto, dummy, host, path = url.split("/", 3)except ValueError:proto, dummy, host = url.split("/", 2)path = ""if proto == "http:":port = 80elif proto == "https:":import usslport = 443else:raise ValueError("Unsupported protocol: " + proto)if ":" in host:host, port = host.split(":", 1)port = int(port)ai = usocket.getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, usocket.SOCK_STREAM)ai = ai[0]s = usocket.socket(ai[0], ai[1], ai[2])try:s.connect(ai[-1])if proto == "https:":s = ussl.wrap_socket(s, server_hostname=host)s.write(b"%s /%s HTTP/1.0\r\n" % (method, path))if not "Host" in headers:s.write(b"Host: %s\r\n" % host)# Iterate over keys to avoid tuple allocfor k in headers:s.write(k)s.write(b": ")s.write(headers[k])s.write(b"\r\n")if json is not None:assert data is Noneimport ujsondata = ujson.dumps(json)s.write(b"Content-Type: application/json\r\n")if data:s.write(b"Content-Length: %d\r\n" % len(data))s.write(b"\r\n")if data:s.write(data)l = s.readline()#print(l)l = l.split(None, 2)status = int(l[1])reason = ""if len(l) > 2:reason = l[2].rstrip()while True:l = s.readline()if not l or l == b"\r\n":break#print(l)if l.startswith(b"Transfer-Encoding:"):if b"chunked" in l:raise ValueError("Unsupported " + l)elif l.startswith(b"Location:") and 300 < status < 400:new_url = (l[10:-2]).decode('utf8')return request(method, new_url, data, json, headers, stream)except OSError:s.close()raiseresp = Response(s)resp.status_code = statusresp.reason = reasonreturn respdef head(url, **kw):return request("HEAD", url, **kw)def get(url, **kw):return request("GET", url, **kw)def post(url, **kw):return request("POST", url, **kw)def put(url, **kw):return request("PUT", url, **kw)def patch(url, **kw):return request("PATCH", url, **kw)def delete(url, **kw):return request("DELETE", url, **kw)
  • ssd1306.py内容
# MicroPython SSD1306 OLED driver, I2C and SPI interfacesfrom micropython import const
import framebuf# register definitions
SET_CONTRAST = const(0x81)
SET_ENTIRE_ON = const(0xA4)
SET_NORM_INV = const(0xA6)
SET_DISP = const(0xAE)
SET_MEM_ADDR = const(0x20)
SET_COL_ADDR = const(0x21)
SET_PAGE_ADDR = const(0x22)
SET_DISP_START_LINE = const(0x40)
SET_SEG_REMAP = const(0xA0)
SET_MUX_RATIO = const(0xA8)
SET_COM_OUT_DIR = const(0xC0)
SET_DISP_OFFSET = const(0xD3)
SET_COM_PIN_CFG = const(0xDA)
SET_DISP_CLK_DIV = const(0xD5)
SET_PRECHARGE = const(0xD9)
SET_VCOM_DESEL = const(0xDB)
SET_CHARGE_PUMP = const(0x8D)# Subclassing FrameBuffer provides support for graphics primitives
# http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/pyboard/library/framebuf.html
class SSD1306(framebuf.FrameBuffer):def __init__(self, width, height, external_vcc):self.width = widthself.height = heightself.external_vcc = external_vccself.pages = self.height // 8self.buffer = bytearray(self.pages * self.width)super().__init__(self.buffer, self.width, self.height, framebuf.MONO_VLSB, self.width)self.init_display()def init_display(self):for cmd in (SET_DISP | 0x00,  # off# address settingSET_MEM_ADDR,0x00,  # horizontal# resolution and layoutSET_DISP_START_LINE | 0x00,SET_SEG_REMAP | 0x01,  # column addr 127 mapped to SEG0SET_MUX_RATIO,self.height - 1,SET_COM_OUT_DIR | 0x08,  # scan from COM[N] to COM0SET_DISP_OFFSET,0x00,SET_COM_PIN_CFG,0x02 if self.width > 2 * self.height else 0x12,# timing and driving schemeSET_DISP_CLK_DIV,0x80,SET_PRECHARGE,0x22 if self.external_vcc else 0xF1,SET_VCOM_DESEL,0x30,  # 0.83*Vcc# displaySET_CONTRAST,0xFF,  # maximumSET_ENTIRE_ON,  # output follows RAM contentsSET_NORM_INV,  # not inverted# charge pumpSET_CHARGE_PUMP,0x10 if self.external_vcc else 0x14,SET_DISP | 0x01,):  # onself.write_cmd(cmd)self.fill(0)self.show()def poweroff(self):self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x00)def poweron(self):self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x01)def contrast(self, contrast):self.write_cmd(SET_CONTRAST)self.write_cmd(contrast)def invert(self, invert):self.write_cmd(SET_NORM_INV | (invert & 1))def show(self):x0 = 0x1 = self.width - 1if self.width == 64:# displays with width of 64 pixels are shifted by 32x0 += 32x1 += 32self.write_cmd(SET_COL_ADDR)self.write_cmd(x0)self.write_cmd(x1)self.write_cmd(SET_PAGE_ADDR)self.write_cmd(0)self.write_cmd(self.pages - 1)self.write_data(self.buffer)class SSD1306_I2C(SSD1306):def __init__(self, width, height, i2c, addr=0x3C, external_vcc=False):self.i2c = i2cself.addr = addrself.temp = bytearray(2)self.write_list = [b"\x40", None]  # Co=0, D/C#=1super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)def write_cmd(self, cmd):self.temp[0] = 0x80  # Co=1, D/C#=0self.temp[1] = cmdself.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.temp)def write_data(self, buf):self.write_list[1] = bufself.i2c.writevto(self.addr, self.write_list)class SSD1306_SPI(SSD1306):def __init__(self, width, height, spi, dc, res, cs, external_vcc=False):self.rate = 10 * 1024 * 1024dc.init(dc.OUT, value=0)res.init(res.OUT, value=0)cs.init(cs.OUT, value=1)self.spi = spiself.dc = dcself.res = resself.cs = csimport timeself.res(1)time.sleep_ms(1)self.res(0)time.sleep_ms(10)self.res(1)super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)def write_cmd(self, cmd):self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)self.cs(1)self.dc(0)self.cs(0)self.spi.write(bytearray([cmd]))self.cs(1)def write_data(self, buf):self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)self.cs(1)self.dc(1)self.cs(0)self.spi.write(buf)self.cs(1)

主程序代码

from lib import urequests
#import urequests as requests
from machine import Pin,I2C
i2c = I2C(1,scl=Pin(22), sda=Pin(21),freq=100000)
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C #从ssd1306模块中导入SSD1306_I2C子模块
import time
import network
import ujson#import ssd1306
#import HZK#spi = SPI(baudrate=100000, polarity=1, phase=0, sck=Pin(18), mosi=Pin(23), miso=Pin(19))
#cs = Pin(25,Pin.OUT)
#HZK.init(spi,cs)oled = SSD1306_I2C(128, 64, i2c,addr=0x3c) #OLED显示屏初始化：128*64分辨率,OLED的I2C地址是0x3c# 心知天气API申请：https://seniverse.yuque.com
# API_KEY = 'S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_'
#接口;https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c
# LOCATION = 'zhuzhou'
# URL = 'https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json'
# UNIT = 'c'
# LANGUAGE = 'zh-Hans'SSID ="MERCURY_D268G" # 填写个人wifi信息
PASSWORD ="pba5ayzk"
wlan=None
s=None
#连接网络def connectWifi(ssid,passwd):    global wlanwlan=network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)wlan.active(True)wlan.disconnect()wlan.connect(ssid,passwd)while(wlan.ifconfig()[0]=='0.0.0.0'):        time.sleep(1)return Truedef fetchWeather():result = urequests.get("https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_&location=shenzhen&language=zh-Hans&unit=c")       return result.textif __name__ == '__main__':        oled.font_load("GB2312-12.fon")# 所使用的字体时12号字体oled.fill(0)oled.text("ESP32 Weather Clock", 4, 0)oled.line(0, 14, 128, 14, 1)#划线connectWifi(SSID,PASSWORD)result = fetchWeather()print(result)j=ujson.loads(result)print("\r\n\r\n")print(j['results'][0]['location']['name'])print(j['results'][0]['now']['text'])print(j['results'][0]['now']['temperature'])addr=j['results'][0]['location']['name']weather=j['results'][0]['now']['text']temperature=j['results'][0]['now']['temperature']oled.text("地点：%s"%addr,35,16)oled.text("天气：%s"%weather,35,32)oled.text("温度：%s℃"%temperature,35,48)oled.show()
  • Shell调试窗口信息
    在这里插入图片描述
  • 本示例参考文章：https://mc.dfrobot.com.cn/thread-26740-1-1.html

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